I'd suggest reaching out to any professors with whom you had a good relationship and asking if they know of any opportunities. You could also try contacts at your 1L and 2L summer jobs and friends from law school who already have jobs. In terms of marketing, you should write a unique cover letter to accompany your resume to every job for which you apply, using information you garner from the company website and/or the posted job description and matching it to your unique skills and experiences. I'm not sure how you can find out about open jobs, but you might check with Career Services. You can also just call places you'd like to work and ask if they are accepting resumes. I think that with jobs, a blitz approach can work well. I have friends who literally sent out 100 or more cover letters and resumes via snail mail. Some places call back and some don't, but if you apply to a lot of jobs, your rate of return is statistically better at least. Finally, you may need to be willing to be somewhat geographically flexible. If your Tier 1 options don't work out, you may have to abandon a few preferences and move down to Tier 2. If nothing works out (or while you're waiting), you could try to work for free at a place you'd ideally like to get hired. If they like you, they might hire you. If they don't have an opening, they might help you find something else, serve as a good reference, or at least build your resume with more legal experience.

Good luck!

The job market for young lawyers is extremely tough right now, unless you were at the top of your class: there was a big swell of law school entrants in the 2001-2005 time period and they've been graduating and flooding the job market.   Right now, unless you were at the top of your class or went to a top law school, job hunting is like musical chairs: when the music stops, someone isn't going to get a chair.   So you need to start by taking a good look at your credentials: did you go to a top law school? did you have top grades at a non-top law school?  If you are not highly credentialled, you must be aggressive and not too choosy in seeking employment.  

In addition, it should be noted that the job market for newby lawyers is ALWAYS tough, because private practice requires a lot of street smarts and this is something that can't be taught in law school.  Professors can teach you to write a legal memo, but they can't teach you which judge will be persuaded by a long scholarly memo and which judge will be persuaded by a short bullet points memo.   And the only way to get a good instinct for dealing with people (clients, witnesses, judges, court personnel) is to spend a lot of time dealing with people. 

I'm rambling here, but what young lawyers don't always understand is that a kid fresh out of law school is borderline useless, even dangerous.  Requires constant supervision and babysitting from older lawyers.  As a result, small and medium sized firms will often prefer a lawyer with 1-2 years experience over a lawyer with zero experience, other things being equal. 

This being said, try to get as much information as possible about law and law firms. Focus your search by talking to older lawyers about their careers.  Ask them what they do all day, how they feel about their clients, what they like and don't like about their jobs, what they would do different if they were just starting out.  (You can meet lots of older lawyers by hanging around bar events or accredited CLE classes - you might try taking an all day CLE class that deals with a subject you're interested in and then talk to other lawyers during breaks).  Or even just pick phone numbers out of the phone book, call lawyers and explain that you are looking for advice, could you have five minutes of their time.  A lot of them will snarl and hang up the phone but a lot of them will be friendly.   

Having solid info will help you focus your search and you will come across as more intelligent and street smart during job interviews.  Also, use every job interview to find out about the firm you are interviewing with and the practice of law in general.  You can interview the interviewer - ask what s/he does in a typical day, what s/he likes and doesn't like about practicing law, what advice s/he would give to a new attorney in your situation.  I wouldn't be afraid to do this in a polite way: you are likely to come across as confident and proactive instead of merely a terrified interviewee seeking to please. 

Some people report having good luck with simply mailing out 1000 resumes to every law firm in town.  

And, of course, answer ads in the newspaper, Craigslist, bar journal. 

Basic guideline for entry level job: the most important thing isn't how much it pays, the most important thing is how much you can learn because the knowledge and skills you develop during the first 2-3 years are essential to moving up or starting your own firm.  A small or medium firm with a diverse practice is, in my opinion, an ideal job for most young attorneys.  Do NOT do doc review or anything else routine/rote unless it is absolutely necessary to do this to buy groceries because you are not learning any skill that you can use to justify a pay raise/promotion/advance to new and better position. 

Have you thought about being a JAG for one of the military services.  I am definately not saying that this job should be a last resort for anyone-- I actually think the military is a great place for women.   I also realize that many women do not think about it seriously.  A couple of things about JAG: they hire on a continuous basis and they don't likely care about your bar results!  However, you should apply before you find out whether or not you passed because having failed the bar is a lot harder to explain than not yet knowing your results.